With increasing concerns about air quality, many local councils across the UK are reviewing whether to introduce or expand Smoke Control Zones. Cambridge is currently considering extending its existing Smoke Control Zone to cover the entire city, prompting questions from homeowners about how these changes might affect them.
If you use a solid fuel appliance such as a stove or open fireplace, understanding whether your area is likely to become a Smoke Control Zone is crucial. This guide explains what a Smoke Control Zone is, how new zones are introduced, and how to prepare for potential changes.
What is a Smoke Control Zone?
A Smoke Control Zone (SCZ) is an area where regulations restrict the emission of smoke from chimneys to improve air quality and reduce pollution. These zones were introduced under the Clean Air Act 1993 and are managed by local councils.
In a Smoke Control Zone, you can only:
- Burn authorised fuels (such as smokeless coal or gas) unless using an exempt appliance.
- Use a DEFRA-approved stove or appliance if you wish to burn wood legally.
Failing to comply with Smoke Control Zone regulations could lead to fines of up to £1,000.
To check if your area is already within a Smoke Control Zone, you can view the official DEFRA Smoke Control Area Map.
Is Air Quality Worse Now Than in the Past?
Despite growing concerns over pollution, the UK currently has some of the cleanest air in modern history. According to DEFRA:
“Air pollution in the UK has reduced significantly since the 1970s, with emissions of major pollutants continuing to decline.” (Source: DEFRA)
While air quality has improved, councils continue to explore ways to further reduce pollution, including expanding Smoke Control Zones.
How Do Councils Decide to Introduce a Smoke Control Zone?
1. Air Quality Monitoring
Local councils regularly monitor pollution levels, particularly PM2.5 and PM10 (fine particulate matter), which can come from various sources, including:
- Road transport (brake and tyre wear, exhaust fumes)
- Industrial emissions (factories, power plants, and refineries releasing pollutants into the air)
- Agriculture (fertiliser application, livestock waste, and crop burning releasing ammonia and particulate matter)
- Construction work (demolition, excavation, and cement mixing generating dust and airborne particles)
- Natural sources (pollen, sea salt, and wildfire smoke)
- Other domestic sources (chimneys, bonfires, BBQs, garden waste burning, and fireworks releasing particulate matter)
While managing emissions from chimneys helps improve air quality, it is just one part of the wider air pollution picture.
2. Public Consultations
Before expanding or introducing a Smoke Control Zone, councils will often consult local residents and businesses to gauge opinions and concerns. This helps ensure that regulations are practical and achievable for affected households.
3. Government & Environmental Policy Targets
National policies set by DEFRA and local councils aim to reduce air pollution and meet legally binding environmental targets. Introducing Smoke Control Zones is one way councils work towards achieving these goals.
Is Cambridge Expanding Its Smoke Control Zone?
Currently, only certain parts of Cambridge are covered by a Smoke Control Zone. However, as of March 2025, Cambridge City Council is consulting on whether to expand the zone to include the entire city.
The council is gathering feedback from residents and business owners to assess:
- The impact on homeowners who use solid fuel heating.
- How the expansion could improve local air quality.
- Whether enforcement measures would be practical and effective.
If approved, the expanded Smoke Control Zone could mean:
- More households need to switch to authorised fuels.
- Increased demand for DEFRA-approved stoves.
- Stricter enforcement of smoke emissions from chimneys.
You can read more and participate in the Cambridge City Council consultation here.
What Does This Mean for Your Fireplace or Stove?
If your area becomes a Smoke Control Zone, it does not mean you have to stop using your fireplace or stove. Instead, it means you need to use the correct fuel or have an approved appliance. Here’s what to consider:
- If your stove is DEFRA-approved, you can continue burning wood or smokeless coal.
- If your appliance is not DEFRA-approved, you can still use it, but you must burn smokeless coal instead of wood (only multi fuel stoves can burn coal).
- If you have a wood-burning-only stove that is not DEFRA-approved, you will need to upgrade your stove if you wish to continue burning wood legally.
These regulations aim to reduce pollution while allowing homeowners to continue enjoying their fireplaces and stoves with the right modifications.
How to Prepare if Your Area Becomes a Smoke Control Zone
If you live in an area that could soon be designated as a Smoke Control Zone, here’s how to stay ahead:
1. Check If Your Stove is DEFRA-Approved
- Look for a DEFRA approval plate or check the official DEFRA list.
- If your stove is not DEFRA-approved, you may need to upgrade to comply with regulations.
2. Use Authorised Fuels
- If your appliance is not exempt, you must use smokeless coal.
- If you want to continue burning wood, you will need a DEFRA-approved stove.
3. Get Your Chimney Swept Regularly
- A clean chimney burns fuel more efficiently and reduces smoke emissions.
- Book a professional chimney sweep at least once a year.
Trust the Experts in Chimney Safety
If you live in Cambridge or a surrounding area, Ablewight Chimney Services can help you stay compliant and prepared for any Smoke Control Zone changes.
With over 40 years of experience and as founders of the Guild of Master Chimney Sweeps, we offer expert chimney services, including:
- Chimney sweeping to improve efficiency and reduce emissions.
- Stove servicing to ensure compliance with regulations.
- CCTV chimney surveys to assess blockages or damage.
- Professional advice on fuel selection and appliance upgrades.
📞 Call us today at 01223 627012 or email hello@ablewight.co.uk to book your professional chimney service.
Stay ahead of Smoke Control Zone changes—trust the experts in chimney care.
👉 Contact Us Today to schedule your appointment.
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